Healthcare-associated Exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae)

S. pneumoniae is transmitted from person-to-person by direct contact with respiratory secretions and saliva and by inhalation of airborne droplets generated by coughing and sneezing.²² Previously unvaccinated HCP ≥65 years old or 19-64 years old with certain underlying medical conditions or other risk factors should receive a one-time dose of PCV20 or a dose of PCV15 followed by PPSV23 at least one year later. It is uncommon for contacts to develop pneumococcal infection; hence no PEP is required. Exposed HCP should be closely monitored for sign(s) of illness.²² Early diagnosis and treatment with an antibacterial agent is the cornerstone of treating pneumococcal infections.